First experiments with AI sharpening

Unless you’re very lucky or very good as a bird photographer you find yourself needing to do some image sharpening – no shame in that! Several years ago I tried Topaz Sharpen AI and decided that that I could really do as well with Adobe Photoshop Smart Sharpen. I have been following the development of the Topaz products for the last few years and recently decided that it was worth a revisit.

So I downloaded Topaz PhotoAI and began the adventure. This is a complex story, but I thought I would begin with seeing what the software would do for me straight out of the box. So I opened up the original version of the bald eagle image that I posted a few days ago and sharpened it on Topaz. This was a picture that I wasn’t quite happy with from my recent Florida trip. For reference the Adobe Photoshop process image is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 – American bald eagle, Sanibel Island, Fl, processed with Adobe Photoshop smart sharpen, (c) DE Wolf 2024

There are three issues with standard sharpening algorithms. First, if you’re not careful, you can get a kind of comic book effect; second you tend to sharpen the noise as well as the subject, the image becomes annoyingly grain; if the main subject of an image is a small part of the image, say a person’s face or a bird’s head, the resolution is poor and only becomes worse on sharpening.

Now imagine that the photograph was a painting, a talented painter could get rid of the noise and increase the resolution of the image. Increase the resolution? The intelligent painter is applying his/her knowledge of faces and bird heads.

The key word is, of course, intelligent. An AI program takes the part of the painter, recognizing noise features from true feature, adds pixels and intelligently fills them. That last process is referred to as upscaling. An upscaled image has many many more pixels than the original image.

So using Topaz PhotoAI and with very little knowledge of it, I created the improved image of Figure 2. Actually, I first sharpened with Topaz PhotoAI and then processed, but didn’t further sharpen it, with Adobe Photoshop. The noble eagle is now, well more noble. There is less noise and there are four times as many pixels. Although this is somewhat lost by image compression for loading on the website. To see the sharpening and noise reduction zoom in on the eagle’s head. I am a bit concerned about the eye possibly being over worked, but I need time to learn.

Figure 2 – Bald Eagle processed with Topaz PhotAI and Adobe Photoshop, (c) DDE Wolf 2024.

Snow elephants

Figure 1 – Snow elephants, (c) DE Wolf 2024

About ten years ago I posted about the Hand of God Nebula and the general concept of Pareidolia, things that look like something else. I think that people have different abilities to see these things, and maybe it is a form of mental illness. This morning, I was going through this past winter’s photographs and came upon the image of Figure 1, snow in the branches of a giant pine outside my bedroom window.

To my eyes, it is filled with the heads of giant snow elephants, complete with ears, eyes, and slightly shortened trunks. We may even argue, based on the ear size, whether they are African or Indian elephants. Do you see them?

The black-crowned night heron

Figure 1 – Black-crowned night heron, Ding Darling National Wildlife Refuge, Sanibel Island, FL (c) DE Wolf 2024

As a New England birder, I am always delighted by the herons. Our marshes are dominated by the Great Blue Heron. But Southwest Florida, wow! And one of the favorites is the black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax). The name leads one to wonder why it and its relatives are called “night herons,” and the answer is an obvious one. They are pretty sedentary during the day but active from dusk to dawn feeding on pretty much everything that wiggles.

The black-crowned of Figure 1 was photographed in a mangrove at the Ding Darling National Wildlife Refuge on Sanibel Island in January. The distinctive red eye seems all so knowing, or is it the effect of endlessly and sleeplessly burning the midnight oil?

IC2944 – The Running Chicken Nebula

Figure 1 – IC2944, the Running Chicken Nebula, taken on iTelescope 71 in Chile, (c) DE Wolf 2024.

I wanted to post this morning an image that I took last night on a favorite 180 mm Takahashi iTelescope T71 in Chile. There are a number of important points to be made here, but start with the rich diversity and a kind of out of reachnes, for us in the northern hemisphere, exoticism of the southern skies. The image is of IC 2944, known variously as the Running Chicken Nebula, the Lambda Centauri Nebula or the λ Centauri Nebula. It is an open cluster with an associated emission nebula.

If you look closely at the image you will see dark spots resembling dirt. These are, in fact Bok globules, small dense nebulae composed of dust and gas believed to be the sites of active star formation.

When it comes to astrophotography, I am always struck by the contradiction between the joy of creating an image with dramatic dynamic range yet not exaggerated color, and the sublime joy of visual astronomy, where the object hangs in an infinite space, and where the colors are muted by the insensitivity of our photopic or color vision. Nothing beats aesthetically the sense of “looking” through the telescope

The common gallinule

Figure 1 – Common Gallinule, Ding Darling National Wildlife Refuge, Sanibel Island, FL, (c) DE Wolf 2024.

One of my favorite birds in southwest Florida is the common gallinule (Gallinula galeata) with its delightful red beak. In the everglades it was always tricky to capture because it was invariably hiding behind grasses and mangroves. But always worth the effort! The photograph of Figure 1 was taken in Ding Darling National Wildlife Refuge on Sanibel Island. I personally love the greys of the water, the vertical branches, the reflections, whose symmetry directs the eye to the subject, and the circular ripples, which has a similar effect.

The haughty eagle

Figure 1 – American bald eagle, Sanibel Island, Fl, (c) DE Wolf 2024

Like Ozymandias* the haughty eagle chooses his perch high above the meager trees that hold the nests of the osprey. Bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) carries with him so much symbolism. And they are often, like the one of Figure 1, so difficult to photograph. I was just beneath its tree, but really it was so far away and challenged my lens’ ability to capture him. “Capture” is the right word. The eagle is so hard to “capture” both physically and figuratively. Had we chosen the osprey instead as the emblem of America, might we have become a nation of pescatarians?

While Benjamin Franklin did not, as often cited, suggest that the turkey be the proper national bird. Perhaps it seems more appropriate in these troubled times, when we cannot find it in ourselves to come to aid of our allies. Franklin did comment in a letter to his daughter that the eagle in the national seal resembled a turkey. Franklin did apparently comment that “Bald Eagle…is a Bird of bad moral Character. He does not get his Living honestly…[he] is too lazy to fish for himself.” Like, I guess, the noble osprey. Neither agreeing or disagreeing with Franklin and having a strong disdain for the anthropomorphic, I just put it out there as a measure of a time when America was purer.

I took the image on a road side on Sanibel Island. TC and I pulled over and took photographs. The bird in question was himself haughty and disdainful. He barely looked at me and allowed me only so much time to take his image and, certainly not, to capture him before flying off.

*My name is Ozymandias, King of Kings;

Look on my Works, ye Mighty, and despair!

Nothing beside remains. Round the decay

Of that colossal Wreck, boundless and bare

The lone and level sands stretch far away.”

Percy Bysshe Shelly, Ozymandias

Flooding

Figure 1 – Tree fallen in the spring flood, Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge, Concord, MA, (c) DE Wolf 2024.

This is a usual time of year for post-winter flooding in New England, a kind of mud season. And, as I indicated yesterday, there’s a lot of flooding this year. I wanted to try and capture it in a photograph – the inundated trees, a deep chocolatey still water surface, thick with rich mud. Often, as in Figure 1 the key is the contorted abstract shapes and, of course, the reflections. What particularly caught my eye was the spiral pattern in the park and its inverted reflection in the water as well as the disconcerting contrast between the cylindrical symmetry of the log and the vertical linear reflections of the standing trees.

Hitting the birding trail again

Figure 1 – American Goldfinch, Great Meadows Natural Wildlife Refuge. (c) DE Wolf 2024.

Well, it is officially spring, judging by the warmth of the air. The birds are putting on their best plumage for the mating season, and I am hitting the birding trail. So, Figure 1 is just a warm-up image that I took at the Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge this afternoon. After all the rain that we had these past few weeks the amount of flooding is insane and many of the paths and trails are impassable. This American Goldfinch (Spinus tristis) was displaying some brilliant color. The redwings are similalrly spectacular and their mating calls fill every corner of the meadow. I cannot wait for the coming of the lotuses!